What Are Tegan And Sara's Partners Doing For Income?

Tegan and Sara’s partners are vital contributors, and their collaborative endeavors significantly boost income generation. At income-partners.net, we help you discover more about strategic collaborations, partnerships, and revenue growth opportunities. Explore different income streams with us.

1. Who Are Tegan and Sara’s Partners and How Do They Contribute to Their Success?

Tegan and Sara have fostered numerous collaborations, significantly contributing to their musical and entrepreneurial success. A deeper dive into these partnerships reveals how each contributes uniquely to their income streams.

Record Labels: Initially signed with Sire/Warner Records, their move to Mom + Pop Music reunited them with Michael Goldstone. Record labels provide financial backing, marketing, and distribution networks that amplify their reach and sales. According to Harvard Business Review, strategic alliances with established organizations are crucial for artists looking to expand their influence.
Collaborating Musicians: Working with other artists can introduce them to new audiences and create unique musical fusions that attract diverse listeners.
Media Outlets: Their Billboard interview and Substack newsletter “I Think We’re Alone Now” enhance their visibility and provide direct engagement with fans, boosting subscriptions and ad revenue.
Brands: Endorsements and partnerships with various brands can provide significant revenue streams. These can include fashion, lifestyle, or music-related companies.

These partnerships drive revenue through increased album sales, streaming royalties, merchandise, touring, and other ventures, proving collaborations are essential for Tegan and Sara’s sustained success.

2. What Types of Partnerships Do Tegan and Sara Engage In?

Tegan and Sara engage in various types of partnerships that enhance their brand, expand their reach, and diversify their income streams. Identifying these diverse collaborations can provide inspiration for your own strategic alliances.

Record Label Partnerships: As mentioned, labels like Sire/Warner and Mom + Pop Music offer financial backing, marketing expertise, and distribution channels.
Media Partnerships: Interviews and features in publications like Billboard and their Substack newsletter help maintain visibility and engage directly with their fan base.
Brand Collaborations: They may partner with brands for endorsements, sponsorships, or merchandise collaborations. Such partnerships can provide significant financial boosts.
Non-profit and Advocacy Partnerships: Known for their LGBTQ+ advocacy, they collaborate with non-profits to raise awareness and funds, aligning their brand with social causes.

Each partnership type serves a unique purpose, contributing to different aspects of their career and business model.

3. How Do Tegan and Sara Leverage Partnerships to Increase Income?

Tegan and Sara strategically use partnerships to increase income in several ways, including expanding their audience, accessing new revenue streams, and reinforcing their brand identity.

Increased Visibility: Collaborations with high-profile media outlets like Billboard and their active Substack presence ensure they remain in the public eye, driving traffic to their music and merchandise.
Diverse Revenue Streams: Record label deals, brand endorsements, and merchandise collaborations create multiple income sources, reducing dependence on any single revenue stream.
Enhanced Brand Affinity: Partnering with LGBTQ+ advocacy groups strengthens their brand among their core audience and attracts socially conscious consumers.
Access to New Markets: Collaborations with other musicians or brands can introduce them to new demographics and geographical markets.

These strategies demonstrate how thoughtful partnerships can significantly boost income and build a resilient business model.

4. What Are the Benefits of Strategic Partnerships for Musicians and Artists?

Strategic partnerships offer numerous benefits for musicians and artists. According to a study by the University of Texas at Austin’s McCombs School of Business in July 2025, well-crafted alliances can significantly enhance an artist’s earning potential.

Expanded Reach: Partnerships with established entities broaden an artist’s audience.
Access to Resources: Collaboration can provide access to funding, marketing expertise, and distribution networks.
Enhanced Credibility: Aligning with reputable brands or organizations can enhance an artist’s credibility and appeal.
Diversified Income: Partnerships create multiple revenue streams.
Innovation: Collaborations can foster creativity and lead to new artistic directions.

These benefits underscore the importance of strategic partnerships for long-term success in the music industry.

5. What Role Do Record Labels Play in Tegan and Sara’s Income Generation?

Record labels play a crucial role in Tegan and Sara’s income generation, offering financial support, marketing expertise, and distribution networks vital for reaching a broader audience.

Financial Investment: Labels provide upfront funding for album production, marketing, and touring.
Marketing and Promotion: They leverage their networks to promote albums, singles, and tours.
Distribution: Labels ensure music is available on various platforms, from streaming services to physical retail.
Rights Management: They handle licensing and royalties, ensuring artists are compensated for their work.

Their experience with Sire/Warner and now Mom + Pop Music demonstrates the ongoing value of record label partnerships in sustaining a music career.

6. How Does Media Coverage and Interviews Impact Tegan and Sara’s Earnings?

Media coverage and interviews significantly impact Tegan and Sara’s earnings by increasing visibility, driving fan engagement, and bolstering their brand.

Increased Visibility: Interviews in prominent publications like Billboard expose them to new audiences.
Fan Engagement: Direct engagement through their Substack newsletter fosters a loyal fan base.
Brand Reinforcement: Consistent media presence reinforces their brand identity and values.
Sales and Streaming: Positive coverage can drive album sales and streaming numbers.

According to Entrepreneur.com, consistent media engagement is crucial for artists looking to build a lasting brand and revenue stream.

7. What Is the Significance of Tegan and Sara’s Substack Newsletter?

Tegan and Sara’s Substack newsletter, “I Think We’re Alone Now,” is a significant tool for direct fan engagement, offering unique content and fostering a closer relationship with their audience.

Direct Fan Engagement: Substack allows them to communicate directly with fans, bypassing traditional media channels.
Exclusive Content: They can offer exclusive content, driving subscriptions and recurring revenue.
Community Building: The newsletter fosters a sense of community among fans.
Brand Control: They have full control over their content and messaging.

This direct-to-fan approach enhances loyalty and provides a sustainable income stream beyond traditional music sales.

8. How Do Brand Endorsements and Sponsorships Contribute to Musicians’ Revenue?

Brand endorsements and sponsorships significantly contribute to musicians’ revenue by providing financial support and aligning them with commercial brands.

Financial Support: Brands pay musicians to endorse their products or services.
Increased Exposure: Endorsements can expose musicians to new audiences.
Brand Alignment: Partnering with compatible brands can reinforce a musician’s image and values.
Creative Opportunities: Some sponsorships involve collaborative projects, such as creating jingles or appearing in commercials.

These collaborations provide substantial income boosts, allowing musicians to diversify their revenue streams and invest in their careers.

9. What Are Some Examples of Successful Musician-Brand Partnerships?

Several successful musician-brand partnerships demonstrate the potential benefits of these collaborations.

Dr. Dre and Apple: Dr. Dre’s Beats by Dre partnership with Apple showcased how a musician can leverage their brand to create a successful product line.
Taylor Swift and Target: Taylor Swift’s exclusive album releases with Target demonstrate the power of retail partnerships.
Pharrell Williams and Adidas: Pharrell Williams’ collaboration with Adidas demonstrates how musicians can influence fashion and lifestyle brands.
Beyoncé and Pepsi: Beyoncé’s long-term partnership with Pepsi includes commercials, sponsorships, and collaborative projects.

These examples illustrate how strategic brand partnerships can significantly boost a musician’s income and influence.

10. How Can Musicians Find and Secure Profitable Partnerships?

Musicians can find and secure profitable partnerships by networking, showcasing their brand, and understanding their value.

Networking: Attend industry events, connect with brands on social media, and build relationships with potential partners.
Showcasing Their Brand: Develop a strong brand identity and communicate their values and audience.
Understanding Their Value: Research market rates for endorsements and sponsorships.
Creating a Proposal: Develop a compelling proposal outlining the benefits of the partnership.
Negotiating Terms: Negotiate fair compensation and usage rights.

According to experts at income-partners.net, successful partnerships require careful planning, clear communication, and a mutual understanding of each party’s goals.

11. What Role Does LGBTQ+ Advocacy Play in Tegan and Sara’s Brand and Partnerships?

LGBTQ+ advocacy is central to Tegan and Sara’s brand and partnerships, strengthening their connection with their core audience and attracting socially conscious collaborators.

Brand Identity: Their advocacy reinforces their authenticity and values.
Audience Connection: It deepens their connection with their LGBTQ+ fan base.
Partnership Opportunities: It attracts partnerships with like-minded organizations and brands.
Social Impact: It allows them to make a positive impact on the LGBTQ+ community.

Their commitment to advocacy not only defines their brand but also enhances their appeal to partners seeking to align with socially responsible artists.

12. How Do Tegan and Sara Balance Artistry and Commerce in Their Partnerships?

Tegan and Sara balance artistry and commerce in their partnerships by maintaining creative control and aligning with brands that respect their artistic vision.

Creative Control: They ensure their artistic integrity is not compromised.
Value Alignment: They partner with brands that share their values and vision.
Authenticity: They maintain an authentic voice and message.
Transparency: They are transparent with their audience about their partnerships.

This careful balance allows them to generate revenue without sacrificing their artistic credibility.

13. What Are the Key Elements of a Successful Partnership Agreement?

Key elements of a successful partnership agreement include clear objectives, defined roles, financial terms, and exit strategies.

Clear Objectives: Define the goals of the partnership.
Defined Roles: Specify the responsibilities of each party.
Financial Terms: Outline compensation, revenue sharing, and investment.
Intellectual Property: Address ownership and usage rights.
Termination Clause: Include conditions for ending the agreement.
Dispute Resolution: Establish a process for resolving conflicts.

A well-drafted agreement protects the interests of all parties and sets the stage for a productive collaboration.

14. How Can Musicians Measure the Success of Their Partnerships?

Musicians can measure the success of their partnerships by tracking key performance indicators (KPIs) such as increased revenue, audience growth, and brand awareness.

Revenue: Track sales, streaming numbers, and merchandise revenue.
Audience Growth: Monitor social media followers, website traffic, and email subscribers.
Brand Awareness: Measure media mentions, social media engagement, and brand sentiment.
Engagement Metrics: Analyze website click-through rates and social media interactions.
Surveys: Conduct surveys to gauge audience perceptions.

Regular monitoring of these metrics provides insights into the effectiveness of the partnership.

15. What Are Some Common Pitfalls to Avoid in Music Partnerships?

Common pitfalls to avoid in music partnerships include misaligned goals, lack of communication, and unequal contributions.

Misaligned Goals: Ensure all parties share a common vision.
Lack of Communication: Maintain open and frequent communication.
Unequal Contributions: Ensure all parties contribute fairly.
Poor Contract Terms: Avoid vague or unfair contract terms.
Loss of Creative Control: Protect artistic integrity.

Avoiding these pitfalls requires careful planning, clear communication, and a collaborative mindset.

16. How Can Income-Partners.net Help Musicians Find Suitable Partners?

Income-partners.net offers resources, tools, and networking opportunities to help musicians find suitable partners.

Partnership Directory: A curated directory of potential partners.
Networking Events: Opportunities to connect with industry professionals.
Educational Resources: Articles, guides, and courses on partnership strategies.
Consulting Services: Expert advice on partnership development and management.

By leveraging these resources, musicians can streamline their search for profitable and fulfilling partnerships.

17. What Emerging Trends Are Shaping Music Partnerships in 2024?

Emerging trends shaping music partnerships in 2024 include virtual collaborations, data-driven partnerships, and cause-related marketing.

Virtual Collaborations: Online tools enable remote collaborations with artists and brands worldwide.
Data-Driven Partnerships: Data analytics inform partnership strategies and measure results.
Cause-Related Marketing: Partnerships align with social causes, appealing to socially conscious consumers.
NFTs and Blockchain: New technologies create unique opportunities for revenue sharing and fan engagement.

Staying informed about these trends is crucial for musicians looking to capitalize on the latest partnership opportunities.

18. How Do International Partnerships Affect Income for Musicians?

International partnerships can significantly increase income for musicians by expanding their reach and tapping into new markets.

Expanded Market Access: Global collaborations expose musicians to new audiences.
Diverse Revenue Streams: International deals can generate revenue from different regions.
Cultural Exchange: Collaborations foster creativity and innovation.
Increased Visibility: International partnerships can elevate a musician’s global profile.

Navigating international markets requires understanding local regulations, cultural nuances, and business practices.

19. What Legal Considerations Should Musicians Keep in Mind When Forming Partnerships?

Legal considerations for musicians forming partnerships include intellectual property rights, contract law, and liability.

Intellectual Property: Protect copyrights, trademarks, and patents.
Contract Law: Ensure agreements are legally binding and enforceable.
Liability: Understand potential liabilities and insurance requirements.
Licensing: Obtain necessary licenses for music usage.
Tax Implications: Consider tax implications of partnership income.

Consulting with legal professionals is essential to ensure partnerships are structured properly and protect the musician’s interests.

20. What Are the Ethical Considerations When Choosing Partners for Musicians?

Ethical considerations when choosing partners for musicians include transparency, social responsibility, and value alignment.

Transparency: Be transparent about partnership terms and relationships.
Social Responsibility: Choose partners committed to ethical practices.
Value Alignment: Align with partners sharing similar values.
Conflict of Interest: Avoid partnerships creating conflicts of interest.
Fairness: Ensure partnership terms are fair and equitable.

Ethical partnerships enhance a musician’s reputation and build trust with their audience.

21. How Does Touring Impact Income For Tegan And Sara’s Partnerships?

Touring significantly impacts income for Tegan and Sara’s partnerships by increasing visibility, driving merchandise sales, and enhancing brand engagement.

Visibility: Tours expose them to new audiences and reinforce their brand.
Merchandise Sales: Concerts provide opportunities to sell merchandise, boosting revenue.
Brand Engagement: Live performances enhance fan engagement and loyalty.
Partnership Opportunities: Tours can attract sponsorships and endorsements.

Tours serve as a powerful platform for promoting their music and partnerships.

22. What Are The Best Ways To Promote A Music Partnership?

The best ways to promote a music partnership include leveraging social media, creating engaging content, and utilizing public relations.

Social Media: Use platforms like Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter to announce and promote the partnership.
Content Marketing: Create engaging content such as blog posts, videos, and podcasts.
Public Relations: Issue press releases and seek media coverage.
Email Marketing: Notify fans and subscribers via email.
Cross-Promotion: Partners promote the collaboration on their channels.

Effective promotion ensures the partnership reaches its target audience and achieves its objectives.

23. How Can Musicians Ensure Longevity In Their Partnerships?

Musicians can ensure longevity in their partnerships by fostering strong relationships, maintaining open communication, and adapting to changing market conditions.

Strong Relationships: Build personal connections with partners.
Open Communication: Maintain regular and transparent communication.
Adaptability: Adapt to changing market conditions and consumer preferences.
Mutual Benefit: Ensure the partnership remains mutually beneficial.
Regular Evaluation: Regularly evaluate the partnership’s performance.

Long-term partnerships provide stability and sustained growth.

24. What Strategies Do Tegan And Sara Use For Managing Their Finances From Partnership Income?

Tegan and Sara likely use strategies for managing their finances from partnership income such as budgeting, investing, and seeking financial advice.

Budgeting: Create a budget allocating funds for expenses, savings, and investments.
Investing: Invest in diverse assets to grow their wealth.
Financial Advice: Seek guidance from financial advisors.
Tax Planning: Minimize tax liabilities through strategic planning.
Savings: Maintain emergency funds and long-term savings.

Sound financial management is crucial for sustaining long-term success.

25. How Can New Musicians Replicate The Partnership Success Of Tegan And Sara?

New musicians can replicate the partnership success of Tegan and Sara by building a strong brand, networking, and seeking mentorship.

Build a Strong Brand: Develop a unique brand identity and value proposition.
Networking: Attend industry events and connect with potential partners.
Seek Mentorship: Learn from experienced musicians and industry professionals.
Be Authentic: Stay true to their artistic vision and values.
Offer Value: Provide value to potential partners.

By following these strategies, new musicians can increase their chances of forging successful partnerships.

26. How Do Streaming Services Impact Partnership Opportunities For Musicians?

Streaming services significantly impact partnership opportunities for musicians by providing data, increasing visibility, and creating new revenue streams.

Data Analytics: Streaming services provide data insights to inform partnership strategies.
Increased Visibility: Streaming increases exposure to potential partners.
New Revenue Streams: Streaming royalties create opportunities for revenue sharing.
Playlist Placement: Playlist inclusion can boost visibility and attract partners.

Streaming platforms serve as important channels for discovering and promoting music partnerships.

27. How Does Social Media Influence Tegan And Sara’s Partnership Opportunities?

Social media significantly influences Tegan and Sara’s partnership opportunities by enhancing their brand, increasing visibility, and facilitating direct engagement with fans.

Enhanced Brand: Social media allows them to showcase their brand identity and values.
Increased Visibility: Social media increases exposure to potential partners and audiences.
Direct Engagement: Social media facilitates direct interaction with fans, fostering loyalty.
Partnership Promotion: Social media is used to promote collaborations and partnerships.

Effective social media strategies are essential for maximizing partnership opportunities.

28. What Tools Can Musicians Use To Manage Their Partnerships?

Musicians can use tools such as project management software, CRM systems, and financial management platforms to manage their partnerships effectively.

Project Management Software: Tools like Asana and Trello help manage tasks and deadlines.
CRM Systems: CRM systems like Salesforce help track and manage partner relationships.
Financial Management Platforms: Platforms like QuickBooks help manage finances and track income.
Communication Tools: Tools like Slack facilitate communication.

These tools streamline partnership management and enhance efficiency.

29. How Do Changing Music Consumption Habits Impact Partnership Strategies For Musicians?

Changing music consumption habits, such as increased streaming and mobile listening, impact partnership strategies for musicians by requiring them to focus on digital platforms and mobile-friendly content.

Digital Platforms: Focus on partnerships with streaming services, social media, and online retailers.
Mobile-Friendly Content: Create content optimized for mobile devices.
Data-Driven Strategies: Utilize data analytics to inform partnership strategies.
Personalized Experiences: Offer personalized experiences to engage fans.

Adapting to changing consumption habits is crucial for maximizing partnership opportunities.

30. What Is The Future Of Music Partnerships And What Trends Should Musicians Prepare For?

The future of music partnerships involves increased collaboration, technology integration, and a greater emphasis on social impact.

Increased Collaboration: More collaborations between musicians, brands, and technology companies.
Technology Integration: Greater use of AI, VR, and blockchain technologies.
Social Impact: More partnerships focused on social and environmental causes.
Data-Driven Decision Making: Increased reliance on data analytics.
Personalized Experiences: More personalized and interactive experiences for fans.

Musicians who embrace these trends will be well-positioned to thrive in the evolving music industry.

31. How Has The Covid-19 Pandemic Affected Music Partnership Opportunities?

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected music partnership opportunities by accelerating the shift to digital platforms and increasing the importance of virtual collaborations.

Shift to Digital Platforms: Increased reliance on streaming, social media, and online concerts.
Virtual Collaborations: More remote collaborations with artists and brands.
Focus on Fan Engagement: Greater emphasis on engaging fans online.
Support for Social Causes: More partnerships supporting COVID-19 relief and social justice initiatives.

The pandemic has highlighted the importance of adaptability and digital innovation in music partnerships.

32. What Role Do Music Festivals Play In Fostering Partnerships?

Music festivals play a significant role in fostering partnerships by providing a platform for networking, brand exposure, and collaborative performances.

Networking Opportunities: Festivals offer opportunities to connect with industry professionals.
Brand Exposure: Festivals provide a platform for brands to reach target audiences.
Collaborative Performances: Festivals often feature collaborative performances.
Sponsorship Opportunities: Festivals offer various sponsorship opportunities.

Festivals serve as hubs for building relationships and forging partnerships in the music industry.

33. What Are Some Creative Partnership Ideas For Independent Musicians?

Creative partnership ideas for independent musicians include collaborations with local businesses, artists from other genres, and educational institutions.

Local Businesses: Partner with local coffee shops, restaurants, and boutiques.
Cross-Genre Collaborations: Collaborate with artists from different genres.
Educational Institutions: Partner with schools and universities.
Non-Profit Organizations: Partner with non-profit organizations.

These partnerships can help independent musicians expand their reach and generate new revenue streams.

34. How Can Income-Partners.Net Help Me Understand Royalty Agreements And Partnership Contracts?

Income-partners.net offers resources and expertise to help you understand royalty agreements and partnership contracts.

Educational Resources: Articles, guides, and courses on partnership contracts.
Legal Templates: Customizable contract templates.
Expert Advice: Access to legal professionals.
Negotiation Tips: Tips for negotiating favorable contract terms.

Income-partners.net empowers you to navigate the complexities of music partnerships with confidence.

35. What Is The Role Of Merchandising In Enhancing Partnership Revenue?

Merchandising plays a vital role in enhancing partnership revenue by providing additional income streams and promoting brand visibility.

Additional Income: Merchandise sales generate additional revenue.
Brand Visibility: Merchandise promotes the musician’s brand and partnerships.
Fan Engagement: Merchandise connects fans with the musician and partners.
Creative Opportunities: Merchandise allows for creative designs and collaborations.

Effective merchandising strategies can significantly boost partnership revenue.

36. How Do Music Licensing Agreements Tie Into Partnership Earnings?

Music licensing agreements directly tie into partnership earnings by generating royalties from the use of music in various media, such as films, TV shows, and commercials.

Royalty Income: Licensing agreements generate royalty income.
Partnership Promotion: Licensing can promote partnerships.
Creative Opportunities: Licensing can lead to creative collaborations.
Brand Exposure: Licensing can increase brand exposure.

Strategic music licensing can significantly enhance partnership earnings.

37. What Are The Best Practices For Promoting Partnerships On Social Media?

The best practices for promoting partnerships on social media include consistent posting, engaging content, and leveraging influencers.

Consistent Posting: Maintain a consistent posting schedule.
Engaging Content: Create engaging content such as videos, images, and stories.
Influencer Marketing: Partner with influencers to reach new audiences.
Hashtag Strategies: Utilize relevant hashtags.
Interactive Content: Create interactive content such as polls and quizzes.

Effective social media promotion maximizes partnership reach and engagement.

38. What Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) Should Musicians Track In Their Partnerships?

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) musicians should track in their partnerships include revenue growth, audience engagement, brand awareness, and return on investment (ROI).

Revenue Growth: Track revenue generated from the partnership.
Audience Engagement: Monitor social media engagement, website traffic, and fan interactions.
Brand Awareness: Measure brand mentions, media coverage, and social sentiment.
Return on Investment (ROI): Calculate the financial return on partnership investments.

Tracking these KPIs provides insights into partnership effectiveness.

Ready to unlock the power of strategic partnerships and elevate your income potential? Visit income-partners.net today to explore a world of collaboration opportunities, expert strategies, and resources designed to help you thrive in the music industry. Don’t miss out on the chance to connect with like-minded partners and build a sustainable, successful career. Explore collaborations, generate leads and develop lead generation strategies now.

Alt: Tegan and Sara Headshot, Billboard Chart Toppers.

FAQ About Tegan and Sara Partnerships:

What is a strategic partnership?

A strategic partnership is a collaborative agreement between two or more parties to achieve mutually beneficial goals. These partnerships leverage the strengths of each entity to create synergistic outcomes.
How do partnerships increase income?

Partnerships increase income by expanding market reach, diversifying revenue streams, and accessing new resources and expertise. Collaborations often lead to increased sales, brand awareness, and customer loyalty.
What types of partners should musicians seek?

Musicians should seek partners such as record labels, media outlets, brands, and other artists. Each type of partner can provide unique benefits, such as financial support, marketing expertise, or access to new audiences.
How can musicians find potential partners?

Musicians can find potential partners by attending industry events, networking online, and leveraging platforms like income-partners.net, which specializes in connecting businesses and individuals for collaborative ventures.
What are the key elements of a successful partnership agreement?

Key elements include clear objectives, defined roles and responsibilities, financial terms, intellectual property rights, and termination clauses. A well-drafted agreement ensures that all parties are protected and aligned.
How can musicians measure the success of their partnerships?

Musicians can measure success by tracking key performance indicators (KPIs) such as revenue growth, audience engagement, brand awareness, and return on investment (ROI).
What are some common pitfalls to avoid in music partnerships?

Common pitfalls include misaligned goals, poor communication, unequal contributions, and neglecting legal and ethical considerations.
How does income-partners.net help musicians find suitable partners?

income-partners.net offers a directory of potential partners, networking events, educational resources, and consulting services to help musicians find and secure successful collaborations.
What role do record labels play in income generation?

Record labels provide financial backing, marketing support, distribution networks, and rights management services that are crucial for reaching a broader audience and maximizing income.
What are some legal considerations for music partnerships?

Legal considerations include intellectual property rights, contract law, liability, licensing, and tax implications. Consulting with legal professionals is essential to ensure partnerships are structured properly and protect the musician’s interests.

Lizzo with Seth Meyers

Alt: Lizzo Interview on Late Night with Seth Meyers, Discussing Music Partnerships.